New Trends of Biometric Systems Based on Fingerprint

Generally speaking, biometrics can be defined as a recognition of individuals based on their behavior or biological unique characteristics. Fingerprints are taken by pressing a finger against a paper or platen surface on a sensor. However, due to skin deformations, external influences, irregularities in the sensor area, etc., we often have incomplete or degraded sample images. When this happens, many issues within institutions that use this kind of technology can occur. For example, employees cannot check-in or checkout, which can sometimes influence important deadlines. As a result of many years of research, a whole new generation of Touchless 3D scanning devices was developed and is already available on the market. This new technology of scanning does not have these issues and it functions in a similar way, although it has many significant improvements. In this paper, a brief comparison of original methods, two-dimensional and three-dimensional biometric systems will be presented. Hardware and software solutions will also be analyzed. Some of the key problems, such as shadows, background, reflections, sample irregularities, etc. will be mentioned as well.